DuneSQL Cheatsheet
It is important to note that when querying on Dune Analytics, DuneSQL is employed. Although most functions and syntax are similar to standard SQL, there are still some differences compared to other versions of SQL. Below is a comparison table of common features between DuneSQL and Google BigQuery SQL.
DuneSQL Reference
For more information on DuneSQL, please refer to the DuneSQL documentation.
| Problem Type | BigQuery | DuneSQL(V2) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| JSON Reading Method | JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR(call_args, "$.remark") | JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR(JSON_PARSE(call_args), '$.remark') | In DuneSQL, JSON_PARSE is needed to split the JSON if it is initially not in JSON format but is transformed into a JSON string. |
| JSON array to SQL array | JSON_EXTRACT_ARRAY(JSON_EXTRACT(pv, '$.others')) | cast(json_extract(pv, '$.others') as array<json>) | BigQuery uses a function for this conversion, while DuneSQL utilizes casting and supports the JSON data type. |
| HEX to UTF8 | SAFE_CONVERT_BYTES_TO_STRING(FROM_HEX(SUBSTR(hex_encode, 3))) | FROM_UTF8(from_hex(SUBSTR(hex_encode, 3))) | In DuneSQL, the SAFE_CONVERT_BYTES_TO_STRING is not required. |
| Time Axis | TIMESTAMP_TRUNC(block_time, DAY) >= TIMESTAMP("2023-12-01") | block_time >= date('2023-12-01') | Time conversion in DuneSQL is simpler, involving direct usage of variable operator date(value). |
| Data Type Conversion (FLOAT64 to DOUBLE) | CAST(JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR(nominationpools_rewardpools, '$.lastRecordedRewardCounter') AS FLOAT64) | CAST(JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR(nominationpools_rewardpools, '$.lastRecordedRewardCounter') | BigQuery refers to the data format as FLOAT64, while in DuneSQL, it is termed DOUBLE. |
| Handling Null Values | IFNULL(prev_member_bonded, 0) | COALESCE(prev_member_bonded, 0) | In DuneSQL, BigQuery's IFNULL is equivalent to COALESCE. |
| Calculating Local Time and Subtracting Days | TIMESTAMP_TRUNC(ts, DAY) >= TIMESTAMP(DATE_SUB(CURRENT_DATE(), INTERVAL 30 DAY)) | ts >= date(current_date - interval '30' day) | In BigQuery, operations on dates require functions, but DuneSQL allows direct use of + and -. |
| Using Hyperlinks in Tables | SELECT concat(concat(concat("<a href='https://analytics.polkaholic.io/superset/dashboard/77/?account=", address_ss58), "'>"), if(address_name is null, concat(address_ss58, '</a>'), concat(address_name, '</a>'))) | CONCAT('<a target="_new" href="https://analytics.polkaholic.io/superset/dashboard/77/?account=', address_ss58, '">', address_ss58 ,'</a>') AS address_ss58 | DuneSQL enables string concatenation using CONCAT, making it straightforward compared to the multiple concat functions required in BigQuery. |